Allama Dr Muhammad Iqbal (November 9, 1877–April 21, 1938) was born at Sialkot (Pakistan). He was Shiekh by caste. His father Shiekh Noor Muhammad, was a mystic from whom Iqbal inherited mysticism and deep love for religion.

He got his school and college education from Sialkot. He received his early education at local high school and passed Intermediate Examination from Murrey College. He got his B.A. and M.A. from Government College Lahore. He got Gold Medal in M.A. Philosophy from University of the Punjab. During his studies, his personality was influenced by Maulvi Mir Hasan (one of his school teachers) and Prof. Arnold (his teacher of philosophy at Government College Lahore and later at Cambridge).

Iqbal started his career as Reader (a teaching grade below professorship) in Arabic at Government College Lahore. During this time he wrote a first ever book on Islamic economics in Urdu. By the time he was a popular poet in the literary circles of Lahore.

Iqbal Stayed in Europe from 1903 to 1907 for higher studies. He studied at Cambridge (England) and Munich (Germany). Finally he got his PhD degree from Munich University. The title of his thesis was "The Development of Metaphysics in Persia". Once, during his stay in Europe Iqbal decided to stop saying poetry in Urdu at all and to say in Persian only. Because there were ready made compound words in Persian and it was much easier to describe one's thoughts in Persian as compared with Urdu. On the request of some Muslim Scholars, he refrain from doing so. He also did barrister during his stay at Europe.

After his return to Lahore, he was an advocate at Lahore High Court. Now he was a very popular poet. In the fund raising public meetings of the charity Anjuman-e Himaeyat-e Islam, his poems like "Naala-e Yateem", "Shikwah" and "Jawab-e Shikwah" were sold as high as Rs. 50/- per copy.

Iqbal in his political career, joined All India Muslim League. He asserted that the only solution of the problem of the Indian Muslim was a separate Muslim State. This was the first demand for Pakistan. He also participated two out of three round table conferences at London. In 1930 he presided over the Annual Convention of All India Muslim League in Allah Abad. In his famous presidential address he told the nation that he is seeing a muslim rule in the muslim majority areas soon to be established. This is also known as the dream of Iqbal, which became reality as Pakistan in 1947.

Iqbal died in Lahore on April the 21st, 1938, after an illness of about four months. He is buried near the footsteps of the Badshahi Mosque Lahore. His desire was that his age should not be more than the age of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH).

His Poems please the young and the old alike. They give us the message of hope and success. Seeing the Mulsims in slavery, he was much pained. He has expressed the same sorrow in his verses. A major Urdu and Persian writer and poet, while at the same time being credited as a major force behind the creation of Pakistan. He incited them with his verses. He gave them the idea of a separate homeland. He is posthumously revered in Pakistan as Muffakir-e-Pakistan (The Thinker of Pakistan) or Shair-i-Mashriq (The Poet of the East).At that time, the people called it'the dream of the mad man'.  But Quaid-e-Azam converted it into a reality. The philosophy of self-realization is the gist of his poetry. His famous books are..

 1. Bang-e-Dara

 2. Bal-e-Jibreel

 3. Zaboor-e-Ajam

 4. Zarb-e-Kaleem

              These books have been translated into many other languages.  He was deeply interest in religion. He delivered six lectures at Mardras, which ware later published under the title 'Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam'.

Persian --

 1.   Asrar-e Khudi

 2. Ramooz-e

 3. Be-khudi

 4. Piyaam-e Mashriq

 5. P'as Cheh Baa-eyad Kard ai Aqwaam-e Sharq

 6. Javed Nameh

 7. Armaghan-e Hijaz

Allama Iqbal's genius was fully recognized by his nation in his life time. He was immensely popular among all sections of the Muslims. His poetry is as fresh even today as it was at that time. All sorts of people --Politicians, mystics, journalists and students-- cam to him for guidance and inspiration.                                

Shaheen kabi parwaz se tak kar nahi girta

Pur dum hai agar tu, tu nahi hai khattra uftaad(Mosibat)

"Shaheen say matlab aik Muslim ladke say hai"

Agar lahoo hai badan mein tu khoof hai na haras

Agar lahoo hai badan mein tu dil hai be waswaas

Jesay mila ye mat-e-garaan baha us ko!

na sem-o-zar se muhabbat hai na ghum-e-aflaas

Mujhe daraa nahi sakti fia ki tareeki

meri sarshat mein paki-o-darkhashaani

Tu Aay musafir-e-shab, khud cheraagh ban apna

kar apni raat ko Dagh-e-jigar se Noorani

Khird ke paas khabar ke siwa kuch aur nahi

Tera ilaaj nazar ke siwa kuch aur nahi

Har makaam se aage makaam hai tera

Hayat zoq-e-safar ke siwa kuch aur nahi

Giraaan baha hai tu hifz-e-khudi se hai warna

Gohar mein aab-e-gohar ke siwa kuch aur nahi

Tu abi Rah-e-guzar mein hai Qaid-e-makaam se guzar

Misar-o-hijaaz se guzar, paares-o-sham se guzar

Jis ka amal hai Begard us ki jaza kuch aur hai

Hur-o-khayam se guzar, baadh-o-jaam se guzar

Tera imaam Be-huzoor, teri namaz Be-suroor

Aisi namaz se guzar, aisa imaam se guzar

Sitaroon se agay jahan aur bhi hai

Abhi ishq ke imtihaan aur bhi hai

Keenaat na kar alam-e-rango bu par

Chaman aur bhi, aashyaan aur bhi hai

Agar kho gaya ek nasheman to kia ghum

Makamat-e-aho faza aur bhi hai

Tu shaheen hai parwaaz hai kaam tera

Tere samne aasma aur bhi hai

Isi Roze sham mein ulaj kar na rehe ja

Ke tere zamano makaan aur bhi hai

Gaye din ke tanha tha mein anjuman mein

Yaha ab mere razdaan aur bhi hai

Muhabbat ka janoon baki nahi hai

Muslamano mein khoon baki nahi hai

safaen kaj, dil pareshan, sajda bezook

Ke jazba-e-androon baki nahi hai

Ragoon mein lahoo baki nahi hai

woh dil, woh awaaz baki nahi hai

Namaaz-o-roza-o-qurbani-o-haj

Yeh sub baki hai, tu baki nahi hai

Ek ho muslim haram ki pasbani ke lea

neel ke sahil se lay kar tab-khaak ka shaghar

~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*

Butoon se tujh ko umeedein, khuda se na umeedi

mujhe batta tu hi aur kafiri kia hai?

~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*

Pani pani kar gai mujh ko kalander ki ye baat

tu jukah jab ghair ke agay na man tera na tan

~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*

Khudi ko kar bulan itna ke har takdeer se pehle

Khuda banday se khud pooche, bata teri razaa kia hai?

~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*

Aza-eem ko seenay mein bedaar kar de

Nagah muslam ko talwaar kar

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